![]() ![]() If this file is opened with a text editor that assumes the input is UTF-8, the first and third bytes are valid UTF-8 encodings of ASCII, but the second byte ( 0xFC) is not valid in UTF-8. Īs an example, a text file encoded in ISO 8859-1 containing the German word für contains the bytes 0圆6 0xFC 0x72. It is used to indicate problems when a system is unable to render a stream of data to correct symbols. The replacement character � (often displayed as a black rhombus with a white question mark) is a symbol found in the Unicode standard at code point U+FFFD in the Specials table. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was Special. Unicode's U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK character can be inserted at the beginning of a Unicode text to signal its endianness: a program reading such a text and encountering 0xFFFE would then know that it should switch the byte order for all the following characters. However, Corrigendum #9 later specified that noncharacters are not illegal and so this method of checking text encoding is incorrect. Versions of the Unicode standard from 3.1.0 to 6.3.0 claimed that these characters should never be interchanged, leading some applications to use them to guess text encoding by interpreting the presence of either as a sign that the text is not Unicode. U+FFFE and U+FFFF are noncharacters, meaning they are reserved but do not cause ill-formed Unicode text. ![]() U+FFFD � REPLACEMENT CHARACTER used to replace an unknown, unrecognized, or unrepresentable character.U+FFFC  OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER, placeholder in the text for another unspecified object, for example in a compound document.U+FFFB INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION TERMINATOR, marks end of annotation block.U+FFFA INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION SEPARATOR, marks start of annotating character(s).U+FFF9 INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION ANCHOR, marks start of annotated text.Of these 16 code points, five have been assigned since Unicode 3.0: Specials is a short Unicode block of characters allocated at the very end of the Basic Multilingual Plane, at U+FFF0–FFFF. ![]()
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